Mauriac syndrome, also known as diabetic dwarfism, is a complication of diabetes that causes enlarged liver, short stature and delayed puberty in children. The cause of the disorder is believed to be related to low levels of insulin, inadequate diet and diabetes that has been poorly controlled over a long period of time. It occurs most often in children, teens or young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Severe Mauriac syndrome is rarely diagnosed today. The lower incidence is believed to be a result of increased emphasis on treating diabetes by controlling glucose (blood sugar) and maintaining a nutritious, well-balanced diet. The advent of long-acting insulin has also helped reduce the incidence. However, mild versions of this condition are still seen in children with unstable diabetes.

Diagnostic methods include a medical history, physical examination, blood tests and, if necessary, a liver biopsy. Treatments that keep diabetes well-controlled – especially an appropriate insulin regimen – are effective in arresting the effects of Mauriac syndrome. Complications may include the eye disease diabetic retinopathy.