Gangrene is death of tissue, typically due to poor blood supply in a limb or, less often, an internal organ.

The two main types are dry gangrene and wet gangrene. Dry gangrene is caused by lack of blood to a body part. Wet gangrene is caused by a bacterial infection in a part of the body that is experiencing poor circulation. Wet gangrene generally develops faster than dry gangrene and can in some cases be fatal if not treated promptly.

People with diabetes have a greater chance than nondiabetics of developing gangrene because they are prone to conditions that can lead to it. These risk factors include infections, diabetic neuropathy, arteriosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, skin ulcers, impaired immunity and impaired healing.

The signs and symptoms of gangrene include pain and swelling in the affected area, change of skin color and, in some cases, a putrid smell from the area. A physician usually can diagnose gangrene based on a physical examination. However, further tests may be required to confirm the diagnosis.

Standard treatment includes surgery to remove dead tissue and antibiotics to stop infection. Other treatment options involve therapies using oxygen, infrared light or insect larvae. In some cases, amputation may be required to treat gangrene.

People with diabetes can help prevent gangrene by regularly performing foot care and skin care and by promptly treating minor injuries.