Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. It is one of the most common health conditions in men during middle and old age.

Prostate growth is a natural occurrence as men age. As the prostate enlarges, it begins to compress the urethra (canal that carries urine out of the body). This may cause bladder and kidney problems.

More than half of men with BPH do not experience symptoms. However, others experience problems with urination. Some men may experience a weak or interrupted urine stream, and others may leak or dribble urine. Other signs of BPH include increased urgency to urinate or more frequent urination, particularly at night.

Diagnosis involves a physical examination and may include tests such as ultrasound, a specialized x-ray procedure or cystoscopy. A blood test can help rule out prostate cancer and prostatitis.

Mild cases of BPH typically do not require treatment. However, treatment becomes necessary when BPH causes major inconveniences or results in medical problems such as urinary tract infections or kidney damage. Two classes of medications have been approved to treat BPH. Severe cases may require surgery.